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PRIESTHOOD AND
PRESIDENCY
by Charles W. Penrose
Pamphlet published by
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Printed by Deseret News Press, Salt Lake City, Utah,
n.d.:16 pages
Pamphlet Cover Page
(click on graphic to see larger image)
Priesthood and Presidency
By Charles W. Penrose
On the 6th of April, 1860, a meeting was held at Amboy, Illinois,
composed of a small number of persons most, if not all of whom had seceded from the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. They had assembled at the call of Zenos H.
Gurley and Reuben Newkirk, and came from Wisconsin, Illinois, and Michigan. At this
so-called "Conference" Joseph Smith (son of the martyred Prophet who was slain
at Carthage, June 27, 1844) presented himself and expressed his willingness to accept the
position of their leader. He had been several times invited to assume that position
and now complied with the request. He was received with great joy, and after making
a brief address, in which he pledged himself to promulgate no doctrine that should not be
approved by them, the people assembled accepted him as a Prophet and the successor of his
deceased father; the President of the assembly, William Marks, saying, "Brother
Joseph, I present this Church to you in the name of Jesus Christ." Mr. Smith took the
present thus tendered and he was ordained President of the High Priesthood and President
of the Church by William Marks, Zenos H. Gurley, Samuel Powers, and W. W. Blair. The
religious society of which the late Joseph Smith, son of the Prophet, was thus made
President claims to be "The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day
Saints."
The term "Reorganized implies and is a confession that the
society which invented and adopted it is not the original Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints. That
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was organized April 6th, 1830, at Fayette, Seneca Co., New York,
afterwards had its headquarters at Kirtland, Ohio, then at Independence, Missouri, next at
Far West, Missouri, following that at Nauvoo, Illinois, and subsequently at Salt Lake
City, Utah, where it still remains.
But it is claimed that the original Church established by revelation
from God through Joseph Smith the Martyr became disorganized at his death. Also that
it was rejected by the Almighty with its dead. And further, that on the decease of
the first President of the Church no one could legally succeed him in that office but his
eldest son. Therefore that which was the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints
on June 27th, 1844, was not the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints on June 28th,
1844! By what process an organization so perfect in all its departments and offices
and councils and quorums, with branches in various parts of the United States, and also in
Europe and on the Isles of the Sea, could become disorganized because its chief presiding
officer was slain, has not been made to appear. Certainly there have been from that
day to the present time no signs or evidences of disorganization in that religious body.
It has been preserved intact, with its name, doctrines, ordinances, priesthood,
vital force, mission work, unity, gifts, powers, spirit and growth, and is today
recognized as the most splendid and perfect ecclesiastical organization on the face of the
earth.
Consideration of the singular claims set up by the disciples of the
"Reorganization" would be superfluous in view of their absurdity, were it not
for the fact that a number of worthy men and women have been deceived by the sophistry and
perversions resorted to by advocates of "Reorganism." Many of its leading
spirits are persons who have been excommunicated from the Church of Christ
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for apostasy and other offenses. It would be labor in vain to
point out to them their inconsistencies and egregious errors. But people who have
been led into acceptance of their foolish theories by the advancement of some principles
which are true, scriptural and essential, and have thus been drawn by a glimmering of
light into mists and darkness, may be rescued and guided into the straight and narrow way
where the sun shines in its fulness, by a plain presentation of simple truths and a
refutation of cunning falsehoods. It is for their benefit that these lines are
written.
First, let us examine the grounds on which it is asserted that the
Church established by the Prophet Joseph has been disorganized and rejected. For, if
they are untenable, the claims of the "Reorganization" have no basis. If
there has been no disorganization, there can be no valid reason for a reorganization.
At the death of Joseph Smith the First Presidency of the Church consisted of Joseph
Smith, President: Sidney Rigdon, Counselor. William Law, the other Counselor, had
been excommunicated. The martyrdom disorganized that council or quorum, but did that
disorganize the Church? If so, then the Church will be disorganized whenever its
President shall be removed by death or otherwise. There is nothing in the revelations of
God or the order of the priesthood which justifies such a palpable absurdity. On
that hypothesis, when Jesus Christ was slain his Church was disorganized. Also if
the "Reorganized" Church shall lose its present President it will become
disorganized. An institution which would be subject to dissolution in such a manner
would have no claim to divine origin, and would be a most miserable kind of human
establishment, more like the
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product of lunacy than the result of ordinary reason, to say nothing
of divine revelation.
The Church organized April 6th, 1830, continued after the death of
its first President under the direction of the Twelve Apostles for about three and a half
years, when the First Presidency was reorganized. This procedure has been repeated
at the decease of each of the first Presidents who have succeeded each other, and the
Church has moved forward along the lines marked out by revelation, without interruption,
and without a sign or symptom of disorganization.
It is evident from the revelations of God in former and latter times
in reference to his Church and Kingdom to be set up in the last days that it was to be
perpetuated, and in that respect to be different from his work in previous dispensations.
Through the wickedness of mankind the authority of the Holy Priesthood was
repeatedly taken from the earth, but God's crowning work for the redemption of the earth
was to be "The Dispensation of the Fulness of Times," in which all things in
Christ both in heaven and on earth were to be gathered in one. (Eph. 1:10.) The
kingdom which God was to set up in the latter days was not to be "left to other
people." It was never to be destroyed. (Daniel 2:44.) This assurance the
Lord has frequently given to his Church and Kingdom established by his authority on April
6th, 1830. In a revelation given in September, 1830, he said:
"Unto whom I have committed the keys of my kingdom and a
dispensation of the Gospel for the last times and for the fulness of times," etc.
(Doc. & Cov. Section 27:13.)
On December, 1830, he said:
"Fear not, little flock, the kingdom is yours until I
come." (Doc & Cov. Sec. 35:27.)
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On January 2, 1831, he said:
"Behold, the kingdom is yours, and the enemy shall not
overcome." (Doc. & Cov. Sec. 38:9.)
On July 23, 1837, the Lord said concerning his servants:
"For unto you (the Twelve) and those (the First Presidency) who
are appointed with you, to be your counselors and your leaders, is the power of this
Priesthood given, for the last days and for the last time, in the which is the
dispensation of the fulness of times." (Doc. & Cov. Section 112:30.)
The disorganization of the Church would be a virtual contradiction
of God's own promises and predictions. It is clear that he did not intend to permit
his Church to be thrown down, destroyed, overcome, disorganized or left to other
people. It was to "stand forever." A reorganization therefore would
be superfluous and indeed an absurdity.
It is contended that the expulsion from Illinois and the privations
and sufferings endured by the Saints in their journey to the Rocky Mountains are evidence
that the Church was rejected of the Lord. On that hypothesis the Church must have
been rejected of God at a very early date. What about the persecutions in Ohio, the
drivings and plunderings and butcheries in Missouri? Were they proofs that the Lord
had rejected his people? By that kind of reasoning Christ was rejected of God when
he hung upon the cross; the Apostles and Saints of the first century of the Christian era
and the prophets of old who were "stoned, sawn asunder, slain with the sword,
afflicted, tormented, wandering in deserts, in mountains, in dens and caves of the
earth," were rejected of God. Those who indulge in such contentions forget the
Apostle's declaration: "They that live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer
persecution."
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In a pamphlet published by the so-called "Reorganized"
church on the subject of the rejection, it is argued that the Lord "rejected Judah
for their sins," but that he "did not cast them off forever nor destroy their
kingdom, nor take from them the Priesthood." And it announces, "We hold
that he has so rejected his Church." On that reasoning, then, the Church has
not been disorganized, therefore it could not be reorganized. If it has been
rejected for the sins of many of its people when they repent and turn to the Lord it is
that people, that Church they who bear that Holy Priesthood that will be received again to
the Lord's favor, as it was with Judah of old. It will not be another church,
another people, a new organization, but the same Church, the same people, the same
Priesthood, the same Kingdom which God set up for the last days and for the last time, and
which he declared should not be overcome of the world. On their own reasoning,
therefore, the "Reorganizers" have no status as the Church of Christ.
In meeting this alleged argument, it is not admitted for a moment
that the Lord rejected the Church which he established with a promise of its perpetuity,
nor that any but a minority of its members went into transgression, nor that the authority
and keys of the Holy Priesthood were taken away, nor that the Lord in permitting his
people to be removed to the "tops of the mountains," designed any affliction to
come upon his people except for their benefit and the magnifying of his Church in the eyes
of the nations. He has fulfilled in their history in the Vales of Utah the sayings
of the prophets concerning Zion: "The wilderness and the solitary place have
been made glad for them." "Springs have burst forth and waters in the
desert." "The branch of the Lord is made beautiful and glorious,
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and the fruit of the earth is excellent and comely for them that are
escaped of Israel." "The Spirit has been poured out from on high;"
"The work of righteousness is peace;" God's people "dwell in sure dwellings
and quiet resting places, they sow beside all waters." "The eyes of the
blind have been opened, the ears of the deaf unstopped." "The lame leap as
the hart: the tongue of the dumb is made to sing." The Lord has lifted up
"An ensign on the mountains" where the house of the Lord is reared, and people
from all nations are flowing unto it. "Zion that brought good tidings has gone
up into the high mountain," and "the time to favor her, yea, the set time is
come." These are the sayings of ancient seers, notably of Isaiah the Prophet,
and they are being fulfilled in the Zion of the Lord of the latter days, the Church which
he established in 1830, and which has never been disorganized or rejected or overcome.
There is and can be but one Church of the true and living God on earth, and in that
alone is full and complete salvation, exaltation and eternal life.
Let us now consider the claim that at the death of Joseph Smith, the
Prophet, Seer and Revelator, no one could legally succeed him but his oldest son.
This is based first on the alleged doctrine of lienage in the Priesthood; second, on
a revelation given January 19, 1841, in reference to a blessing upon Joseph Smith and his
posterity; third, on a revelation given in February, 1831, in reference to the power of
appointment given to the Prophet Joseph; fourth on reported statements that Joseph the
Prophet "appointed' or 'ordained" or "promised" that his son Joseph
should succeed him as President.
The order of the Priesthood and the governing authority in the
Church are set forth in Section 107 of the Doctrine and Covenants. The powers of the
Melchizedek or
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High Priesthood and of the Aaronic or Lesser Priesthood are therein
defined. The order of Presidency is also explained, and it is shown that:
"Of necessity there are presidents or presiding officers
growing out of or appointed of or from among those who are ordained to the several offices
in these two Priesthoods. Of the Melchizedek Priesthood, three Presiding High
Priests, chosen by the body, appointed and ordained to that office, and upheld by the
confidence, faith, and prayer of the Church, form a quorum of the Presidency of the
Church. The Twelve Traveling Counselors are called to be the Twelve Apostles, or
special witnesses of the name of Christ in all the world, thus differing from other
officers in the Church in the duties of their calling. And they form a quorum, equal
in authority and power to the three Presidents previously mentioned."
From this it will be seen that three persons who have been appointed
and ordained to the Melchizedek Priesthood and are Presiding High Priests, when chosen by
the body and upheld by the confidence, faith and prayer of the Church constitute the
Presidency of the Church. Joseph the Prophet was an Apostle and was therefore a
Presiding High Priest. His counselors were also men appointed and ordained to the
same calling. But each of them had to be chosen and upheld by the body in order that
they might together preside over the Church. The Twelve Apostles, also Presiding
High Priests, forming a Traveling Presiding High Council (verse 33) held authority
"to build up the Church and regulate all the affairs of the same in all nations,
under the direction of the First Presidency." Apostles are God's High Priests (
Sec. 84:63 ). When there is no First Presidency of three, the Twelve constitute a
Council or Quorum "equal in authority and power to the three Presidents previously
mentioned," and when so upheld by the Church can preside over it, regulate all its
affairs, ordain and set in order all the other offices of the Church (verse 58 ), and thus
the Church can be continued
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and perpetuated, suffering no disorder, but carrying on the work
under Jesus Christ who is its living head on high.
Previous to the death of Joseph the Prophet the Lord gave to the
Church, by revelation, all the leading officers belonging to the Priesthood; providing,
however, that they should be presented at the General Conference of the Church for
approval or disapproval. After nominating the Patriarch, the President, and his two
counselors, he named the Twelve Apostles, with Brigham Young as their President: also the
High Council for the "cornerstone" or Stake of Zion at Nauvoo, and the various
minor officers in the Priesthood. Doc. & Cov. 124:123-145. The Prophet and
Patriarch were martyred, one of Joseph's counselors had been excommunicated, the other had
so far gone astray that the Prophet had endeavored to repudiate him, and there was no
First Presidency of three to stand at the head of the Church. But the Twelve, with
President Brigham Young at their head, as a Traveling High Council, according to the word
of the Lord, stepped forward as a quorum equal in authority and power to the Quorum of
Three which had been dissolved, and presided over the Church by its vote, confidence,
faith, prayer and fellowship. Thus all things were done in order and by "common
consent." When the First Presidency of three High Priests was reorganized,
December 5th, 1847, under and according to the duty of the Twelve, and subsequently upheld
and sustained by the Church in General Conference, the revelation was fulfilled, as quoted
above, namely: "Of necessity there are Presidents or Presiding Officers growing
out of or appointed of or from among those who are ordained to the several offices in
these two Priesthoods." Similar proceedings have followed at each dissolution
of the First
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Presidency of Three, occasioned by the death of the President.
Thus the design and purpose of the Lord, repeatedly made known, that His Church and
Kingdom should continue and never be destroyed, given to other people, or be overcome of
the world, have been maintained, and the power and authority of the Melchizedek and
Aaronic Priesthoods, with the presiding offices growing out of or from among them, have
been magnified and blessed of the Almighty, and the fruits thereof bear evidence of their
divinity.
The keys of the Kingdom are and have been with the Apostleship.
No man has taken or aspired to the place of Joseph the Prophet. His position
was assured to him by the Lord in this world and in the world to come. As with David
Patten: "His Priesthood no man taketh from him," though the Lord had taken
David unto himself, but another could be "appointed to the same calling."
(Section 124: 130.) Joseph had prepared the Apostles for the burden that awaited
them, by conferring upon them every key, power, gift, anointing and blessing which had
been placed upon his head, so that the oracles might be given to the Church when he was
taken away. The testimonies to this fact are numerous and incontrovertible.
They were given in Nauvoo when Sidney Rigdon put forth his feeble claim to be
"Guardian" of the Church. They are matters of history. The late
President Wilford Woodruff repeatedly related the circumstances which occurred when Joseph
conferred those powers upon the Twelve. No one who knew Wilford Woodruff questions
his truthfulness, honor and integrity. His word was as good as his bond, his simple
statement as valid as his oath. The following is his latest testimony on this
matter. It was given in the presence of ten or twelve thousand people at the General
Conference of
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the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Salt Lake City,
Sunday afternoon, April 10, 1898:
"I feel thankful today that Joseph F. Smith is with us as a son
of Hyrum Smith. He bears a true and faithful testimony of his father. I would
to God that Joseph Smith had a son in the flesh who would do as Joseph F. Smith does
here--bear a testimony to the truth of his father. The Prophet Joseph Smith has no
son that stands in the midst of the Church of God and bears record of his father. He
never has had; possibly never will have. I will give you a testimony here that will
show you where I stand with regard to this matter. Joseph Smith never ordained his
son Joseph, never blessed him nor set him apart to lead this Church and Kingdom on the
face of the earth. When he or any other man says he did, they state that which is
false before high heaven. The last speech that Joseph Smith ever made to the Quorum
of the Apostles was in a building in Nauvoo, and it was such a speech as I never heard
from mortal man before or since. He was clothed upon with the Spirit and power of
God. His face was clear as amber. The room was filled as with consuming fire.
He stood three hours upon his feet. Said he: You Apostles of the Lamb of
God have been chosen to carry out the purposes of the Lord upon the earth. Now, I
have received, as the Prophet, Seer and Revelator, standing at the head of this
dispensation, every key, every ordinance, every principle and every Priesthood that
belongs to the last dispensation and fulness of times. And I have sealed all these
things upon your heads. Now, you Apostles, if you do not rise up and bear off this
kingdom, as I have given it to you, you will be damned."
In the Church thus perpetuated, the Apostleship and the keys and
authority hereof have been continued in direct line without a break, through Joseph the
Prophet, from Peter, James and John. In the so-called "Reorganization" there is
no real Apostleship at all. The men who ordained the son of Joseph Smith were not
even members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and when they were, they
were not Apostles and never had been. They could not confer that which they never
possessed. In the true Church there are the keys to administer the sacred ordinances for
the living and for the
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dead, in the "Reorganized" Church there is no such power,
and no ordinances for the dead are administered. Yet those ordinances are declared
by the Prophet Joseph to be essential, not only for the salvation of the fathers, but also
for our salvation, as neither can be made perfect without the other. (Doc. & Cov. Sec.
128 verse 15.) In the continued Church, Temples have been built and dedicated on the
plan revealed to the Prophet Joseph, being made perfect in every particular, in the
"Reorganized" Church there is no such Temple, no such plan, no knowledge how to
erect a Temple, no understanding of what is to be done in it even if erected. The
Kirtland edifice, of which the "Reorganization" has laid hold, is not used for a
Temple, but as a common meeting house. In the true Church there are order and
discipline under competent authority, in the "Reorganizers" society there are
disorder, confusion and continual contention, which Christ says is of the devil.
(III Nephi 11:29.) In Christ's Church the-head directs by divine authority, the
Church being commanded to "receive and give heed unto all his words as if from the
Lord's own mouth, in all patience and faith" (Sec. 21:5): in the
"Reorganized" Church the head is under obligations not to teach anything except
that which the members approve. In the Church established by the Lord through Joseph the
Prophet, revelations are to be continuously given for the guidance of the Church, and as
late as January 19, 1841, the Lord said that one of the purposes of building the Temple
that he always commanded his people to erect, was that he might reveal his ordinances
therein, for he said, "I design to reveal unto my Church things which have been kept
hid from before the foundations of the world:" in the "Reorganizers' "
organization a limit is placed upon the revelations of God, and |
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at body in Conference assembled, passed this act of limitation:
"Resolved, that the whole law of the Church of Jesus Christ is
contained in the Bible, Book of Mormon and Book of Doctrine and Covenants."
It will be observed that even the revelations which are contained in
the book called the "Pearl of Great Price ' are shut out by this cast-iron creed, and
they were all given through Joseph the Seer long before his martyrdom.
The various and numerous objections, pretensions, disputations and
contentions of the so-called "Reorganized" people might all be met and shown to
have no more foundation in truth, reason and revelation than the claims touched upon in
this exposition, but as they all turn on and depend upon this question of succession, they
are not herein examined. If the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has
continued, according to revelations and promises of the Almighty, from its organization to
the present time, all that is alleged against it will amount to nothing. For, it
contains within itself the power, authority and ability to rectify any wrong that may
creep into it, to expunge any impurity that may arise within it, to cast off effete
matter, if any there should be, to regulate all its own affairs, so that out of itself
shall grow all offices or quorums which may be removed by death or transgression, to
become independent of all other creatures beneath the celestial world, to carry on the
work of redemption for the living and the dead, to fulfill all the prophecies concerning
it and prepare a people for the coming and reign of the Lord Jesus Christ, who established
it and has watched over it and guided it and has been with it in spirit from the
beginning. Not one key, or ordinance, or gift, or principle which he bestowed upon
it through Joseph the
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Prophet has been lost or taken away. The oracles are in it
today and will remain while revelation is needed for the consummation of the great work
comprehended in the dispensation of the fulness of times. Let those who have been
deceived by the sophistry and errors of misguided men, come out from the mists and fogs
and contentious spirit of the so-called "Reorganization, come to the clear light of
Zion and receive the fulness of the blessings of the Gospel of peace! |
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